IEC 62116 – Test Of Anti-Islanding Protection
IEC 62116 is the test procedure used to evaluate whether a grid-connected PV inverter has adequate anti-islanding protection. Its full title is “Utility-interconnected photovoltaic inverters – Test procedure of islanding prevention measures.” In plain English, that means it sets out how to test an...
View Now
AS/NZS 3010 – What Is The Purpose for Generating Sets?
AS/NZS 3010 is the Australian and New Zealand standard for electrical installations involving generating sets. The current edition was released in 2017, with an amendment in 2020 to refine some of the rules. This standard gives us guidance on the correct installation practices for...
View Now
DNP3 – What You Need To Know?
DNP3 is an abbreviation of Distributed Network Protocol, version 3. It is a communications protocol employed for the exchange of data between control systems and field devices. In real life, it allows devices such as RTUs (Remote Terminal Units), PLCs (Programmable Logic Controllers), IEDs...
View Now
Bushing Resistance, Contact Resistance, and Bus Resistance
Bushings are employed to carry conductors through grounded enclosures, often in transformers, high-voltage circuit breakers, or large switchgear. A bushing not only insulates the conductor from the grounded enclosure but also conducts current with less than a small amount of loss. Bushing resistance is...
View Now
Primary Injection Testing of CTs and VTs
Primary injection testing entails applying a known amount of electrical voltage or current directly to the primary side of a CT or VT. This replicates real operating conditions and enables the technician to test the performance of the transformer, wiring, and protection devices attached...
View Now
Secondary Injection Testing for Protection Relay and SCADA
Secondary injection testing is one technique to test protection relay functionality without powering the main electrical equipment. Rather than passing real current through cables and transformers, test equipment injects exact signals directly into the relay’s secondary terminals. The signals simulate real electrical conditions so...
View Now
Understanding 4G Power Quality Analysis
Unlike in conventional power systems where “power quality” is the stability of voltage, harmonics, and phase unbalance, power quality in the 4G environment has a lesser meaning. It pertains to how uniform and stable the signal is that the device receives and sends. In...
View Now
What is High Voltage Commissioning? Explained!
High voltage commissioning is the act of testing, confirming, and validating the operation and safety of electrical systems with a rating above 1,000 volts. It is done prior to the energization of the system for normal operation. Imagine it as a pre-flight inspection of...
View Now
What is IDMT Curve and how to calculate it? Explained!
IDMT is an abbreviation for Inverse Definite Minimum Time. Essentially, an IDMT curve informs us how long a protective relay will wait before tripping when it discovers an overcurrent fault. The “Inverse” portion is that the larger the fault current, the quicker the relay...
View Now
Current-Carrying Capacity Electrical Calculation Tips
If you’re interested in electrical systems, especially in Australia, it’s important to understand how to calculate the Current-Carrying Capacity of wires. This ensures that electrical circuits are safe and efficient. In this article, we’ll break down the process of calculating Current-Carrying Capacity, using the...
View Now